Virology is the scientific study of biological viruses. It is a branch of microbiology that focuses on how microbes are found, structured, classified, and transformed. Physiology and immunology infect and use host cells for reproduction, and how to isolate, cultivate, and employ them in study and therapy. Before there were ways to reproduce or see viruses or particular laboratory tests for viral illnesses, virology was an undeveloped field. The fact that viruses cause a variety of contagious illnesses in both plants and animals is a major driving force behind the study of viruses. Viral pathogenesis is the study of how viruses spread illness. A virus's pathogenicity refers to how much sickness it may spread. These academic disciplines are known as plant virology, animal virology.

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