By 2020 the field will expand to include molecular nanosystems--heterogeneous networks in which molecules and supramolecular structures serve as distinct devices. The proteins inside cells work organised this way, but whereas living systems are water-based and markedly temperature-sensitive, these molecular nanosystems will be able to work in a far wider range of environments and should be much faster. Computers and robots could be reduced to extremely small sizes. Medical applications might be as motivated as new types of genetic therapies and antiaging treatments. New boundaries linking people directly to electronics could change telecommunications.

Therefore nanotechnology should benefit every engineering sector and health care field. It should also benefit the environment through more efficient use of resources and better methods of pollution control. Internationally, more needs to be done to collect the scientific information needed to resolve the ambiguities and to install the proper guiding oversight. Helping the public to perceive nanotech soberly in a big picture that retains human values and quality of life will also be needed for this powerful new discipline to live up to its amazing potential.

“Every so often the winds of change affect the surrounding climate in a way that shapes the future”.

An example of this in the field of science and engineering is nanotechnology. Nanotechnology has wedged the world of science and engineering to the level that it has changed way researchers think, influencing future technologies and way outs. The impact is so strong that new topics of study are necessary to fully understand the possibilities and risks, e.g. Nano medicine and Nano toxicology.
The global nanotechnology market is expected to exceed US$ 125 Billion mark by 2024.
Nanotechnology continues to have a broad and fundamental impact on nearly all sectors of the global economy, namely electronics, energy, biomedical, cosmetics, defense, automotive and agriculture among others.
The factors such as advancement in technology, increasing government support and private sector funding for R&D, growing demand for miniaturization of devices, and strategic alliances between countries are expected to drive the global nanotechnology market growth. However, the issues such as environmental, health, and safety risks, and concerns relating to nanotechnology commercialization are expected to hamper market growth.